遥感卫星在轨故障统计与分析

On-orbit fault statistical analysis for remote sensing satellite

对遥感卫星1988年—2014年的在轨故障数据进行分类研究发现:控制、载荷、测控和数传是遥感卫星在轨故障发生比例最高的4个分系统;故障主要发生于在轨第1年;环境、设计和器件类故障为主要的在轨故障类型;大多数故障可以通过在轨自主诊断、地面操作等方式及时予以解决,对遥感卫星完成任务的固有能力影响较小;各分系统的在轨故障特点各不相同。文章最后针对故障原因,提出了增加遥感卫星的地面试验与测试、加强抗辐射加固设计和开展基于在轨故障规律的分系统技术状态控制等对策,以降低卫星的在轨故障率,保证卫星在轨可靠、安全运行。

The statistical analysis of the remote sensing satellite on-orbit failure data from 1988 to 2014 shows that thecontrol subsystem, the payload subsystem, the measurement and control subsystem, and the digital subsystem have higherfailure rate than the other subsystems, the on-orbit failure occurs mainly in the first operating year, the environmentalfailure, the design failure and the device failure are the main on-orbit failure types, the on-orbit failure can be identified bythe autonomous diagnosis and the ground operation, and different systems have different failure characteristics. In the end,some on-orbit failure countermeasures are suggested to reduce the failure rate and enhance the reliability.