SWMM模型模拟雨洪原理剖析及应用建议

Principle analysis and application of storm water management model on stimulating rainfall-runoff

通过对SWMM模型结构和参数的剖析,证明其对城市雨洪形成过程的描述是符合迄今为止人们对城市产汇流规律的认知的。采用的产流分析方法以水文学为基础,汇流分析方法以水力学为基础,其物理概念清晰。包含的参数大多具有几何意义或物理意义,但有些参数之间存在互补性或相依性,这就要求在率定这些参数时应设法减少"异参同效"的影响。汇水区出口的雨洪过程的复合采用同时刻叠加的方法,表明来自不同部分洪水的相互干扰是被忽略的。

Through the analysis of parameters and structure, it was found that the description of storm water management model（ SWMM ） on the process of rainfall-runoff formation in urban areas is consistent with urban runoff yield and concentration rule. The physical concept of SWMM is clear because the runoff yield analytical methods are based on hydrology, and concentration analytical methods are based on hydraulics. The parameters of SWMM almost have geometric or physical meanings, but there are some complementary（ or dependency） relationships among some parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the influence of the equifinality for different parameters on parameter calibration. The composition of the process of rainfall-runoff formation in catchment area exit using the method of simultaneous summation shows that the interference between stormflows from different areas is neglected.