电磁炮轨道几何尺寸特性分析及优化设计

Characteristics Analysis and Optimization Design of Rail Geometry Size of Electromagnetic Railgun

针对现有文献对电磁炮轨道几何尺寸特性分析及优化设计研究的不足,建立了电磁轨道炮系统仿真模型,并对该仿真模型进行了验证;基于此模型分析了轨道几何尺寸变化对电枢出口速度及出口动能的影响,然后利用遗传算法以电枢出口动能为目标函数对轨道几何尺寸进行了优化设计。分析结果表明:电枢出口速度随轨道宽度、轨道高度及轨道间距的增加而减小,电枢出口动能随轨道宽度、轨道高度的增加而减小,随轨道间距的增加先增大后减小;通过对轨道几何尺寸进行优化设计,在一定程度上缩短电枢的出膛时间以及提高电枢出口动能。

Aimed at the weaknesses of characteristics analysis and optimal design of rail geome- try size, the simulation model of electromagnetic railgun was established and verified. The in- fluence of rail geometry size on muzzle velocity and muzzle energy of armature was analyzed based on the simulation model. Taking the muzzle energy of armature as objective function, optimal design of rail geometry size was carried out based on the genetic algorithm. The analy- sis results show that muzzle velocity of armature decreases as the width, height and space of rail increases, the muzzle energy decreases as width and height of rail increases, but increases first and then decreases as space increases. The exit time of armature can be reduced and muzzle energy can be improved to a certain extent by optimal design of rail geometry size.