体育运动中“固有风险”的界定与体育伤害的归责——上海新泾公园篮球伤害案判决评析

Definition of Inherent Risk in Sports and Liability of Sports Injury

体育活动中的固有风险直接影响到体育伤害过失的认定和归责原则的选择,对固有风险的认定应结合个案情况对"体育特殊性"作审慎、综合的考量。由于《侵权责任法》未纳入自甘冒险制度,仅凭固有风险的认定不能绝对排除过失的成立。在当事人过错未被明确排除的情况下,本案适用公平责任来分摊损失的做法值得商榷。

Inherent risk of sports has an direct and vital effect on the existence of negligence in sports injury and the choice for principle of liability fixation. Identification for the inherent risk should depend on the prudent and comprehensive judg- ment to the Specialty of Sport in the case. As the legislation of Chinese Torts liability excludes Assumption of Risk, the negligence would not be absolutely counted out only by the identification inherent risk. The application of fair liability in this case is debatable while party＇s fault or negligence is not exactly excluded.