吐鲁番出土北凉时期写经题记研究——以《优婆塞戒经》为中心

Study on Preface for Buddhist Sutras in North Liang Period Unearthed in Turpan Prefecture—— Focusing on “Upasaka Scripture”

五凉时期,各凉国大都统辖西域,保证了中西交通的畅达。佛教徒也成为丝绸之路上一道不间断的风景。很多僧人在凉州讲经译经、发展徒众、兴窟建寺,极大地影响并促进了凉州佛教的繁荣。诸凉政权的统治者及百姓都信奉佛教,这是因社会动乱的现实使人不得不走向追求精神世界的平静与永恒,从宗教处补偿现实苦难给心灵造成的伤害。通过对《优婆塞戒经》题记的研究,考察少数民族政权,将佛教中国化过程中的重要人物与佛教在北凉传播的盛况展现出来。

During the Five Liang Period, each of the capitals governed the Western Regions, guaranteeing the traffic routes between China and the Western countries. Buddhists were the incessant travelers along the Silk Road. As many monks worked in Liangzhou giving sermon, translating scriptures, doing missionary work, and building Buddhist temples, they tremendously promoted the prosperity of Buddhism in Liangzhou. The reason behind the believing of Buddhism by civilian and rulers there was due to the social unrest, people then had to seek tranquility spiritually to obtain compensation for the harm from reality. By studying the preface for Buddhist Sutras and by studying the political powers of the minority peoples, the important figures during spreading of Buddhism in China in North Liang Period can be presented.