农村仪式性人情中的差序格局——基于皖西南农村的调查

"Chaxu geju" of Ritual Favors in Rural Areas——Based on a Case Study in the Southwest of Anhui

通过在皖西南洪村的调查,对农村仪式性人情进行了探讨。分析发现在仪式性人情中往往是以家族和家庭为单位的,仪式性人情的表现模式以及完全嵌入到当地的婚姻模式和文化模式当中,并呈现出一定的性别差异。文章认为,当前的仪式性人情仍然呈现差序格局,但在原有的差序中存在一些变迁。通过对血缘、地缘和业缘三种关系人群在仪式性人情中随礼的表现和约束机制的对比,三类关系也呈现出费孝通所提出的差序格局,不同性质的关系和不同亲密程度的个体在仪式性人情中呈现出有序的差异。

Based on the fieldwork in village Hong ,this paper explores the phenomenon of ritual favors in rural areas in the southwest of Anhui province .It is found that the unit of ritual favors is the whole household;and the pattern of ritual favors has completely embedded into the local culture model ,in which gender difference is showed .There are reasons to believe that ＂Chaxu geju＂supported by Fei Xiaotong still exists in central China ,but some changes have been made.Through the comparison of performance of relatives ,neighbors, workmates and friends etc .,this paper suggests that nowadays ritual favor cycle is not the pattern that one cycle with different groups ,but some favor cycles with different groups which runs parallel .The relationship differs orderly from different ritual favor cycles .