城镇化对环境压力的影响——基于我国东南六省市面板数据模型分析

Impact of Urbanization on the Environmental Pressure——Based on the Panel Data of Southeast Provinces in China

研究城镇化对环境压力的影响,将环境保护列入到城镇化建设规划中对我国经济的持续增长具有重要实践意义。文章建立在STIRPAT模型基础上,以我国东南六个省市1993-2012年20个年度的相关数据为依据进行面板数据模型实证分析,结果显示我国东南部地区处于城镇化发展水平的中级阶段,城镇化对环境压力的影响呈现正向效应,城镇化水平提高1%,引起环境压力提高0.515688%,说明现阶段东南沿海地区的城镇化建设带来环境污染。同时,通过比较分析六省市的环境压力差异,可以发现,其中服务业发达、城镇化率最高的省市和工业相对落后、城镇化率最低的省市环境压力较小,而工业高速发展、城镇化率水平居中的省市环境压力较大。省市间的环境压力差异为该地区在城镇化发展的不同阶段,如何有效落实环境保护提供政策启示。

It is important to study the impact of urbanization on the environmental pressure , and the inclusion of environmental protection to urban construction planning is of practical significance for China ＇s sustained economic growth .On the basis of the STIRPAT model ,this paper carried out the empirical analysis based on the panel data in six southeast provinces in the past 20 years（1993-2012）.The results show that the southeast region of China is at the intermediate stage of urbanization ,and the urbanization has a negative effect on the environment .With the level of urbanization increasing by 1%,the environmental pressure would increase by 0.515688%.It illustrates that at this stage the construction of urbanization in the southeast coastal areas bring about environmental pollution .At the same time ,through a comparative analysis of the differences of six provinces＇environmental pressure ,it can be found that there is less environmental pressure in those cities in which the service industry is developed , and the urbanization rate is the highest or the industry is relatively backward , and the urbanization rate is the lowest . However ,the provinces or cities which is experiencing a rapid industrial development and whose urbanization rate is medium suffer from more environmental pressure .The differences of environmental pressure between provinces and cities would provide a policy implication for the region to implement the environmental protection effectively at different stages of urbanization development .