20世纪50年代中苏合作开发天然橡胶研究

History of Sino-Soviet Cooperation in Developing Natural Rubber In the 1950s

天然橡胶开发合作是建国后中苏最早的经济合作项目,合作目的是为了帮助苏联获得被西方禁运的战略物资——天然橡胶。20世纪50年代,苏联在合作中发挥了积极作用,苏联提供贷款、设备和专家等多方面援助,帮助中国加快开发橡胶种植,中国以橡胶产品偿还贷款和利息。气候条件最为适宜的海南岛橡胶业藉此机会起步;苏联还帮助培养了中国自己的科研人才。苏联在中苏合作开发海南天然橡胶产业方面的消积影响主要在于:苏方李森科主义误导了中国天然橡胶产业布局。1960年,随着中苏关系破裂,合作戛然而止。

In the early1950s, to ensure that Socialist Party is self-sufficient in terms of natural rubber, China and the Soviet Union began to cooperate and develop natural rubber. The Soviet Union provided loans, machines, and experts to help China develop rubber planting, with China＇ s rubber product as payment. Thus, Hainan Island with the most agreeable climate in China won the opportunity to develop rubber planting. However, cooperation ended up in the early 1960s due to the broken relation between China and the Soviet Union.