系统脱敏疗法对不同场合高处恐惧症患者治疗效果的比较

Comparison of curative effect of systematic desensitization therapy to acrophobia patients on various occasions

目的:探讨系统脱敏疗法对不同场合高处恐惧症患者的疗效。方法:175例符合《国际疾病分类第10版》特定的(孤立)恐怖诊断标准的患者分为登楼恐惧组95例、登山恐惧组30例及混合组50例,运用系统脱敏疗法治疗3个月。采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)于治疗前后测评患者的状态焦虑(S-AI)及特质焦虑(T-AI)并且对疗效进行评估。结果:系统脱敏治疗3个月后,登楼恐惧组、登山恐惧组及混合组T-AI评分(t=36.48,t=20.10,t=20.36)、S-AI评分(t=32.53,t=17.53,t=20.63)均较治疗前显著下降(P均<0.001)。方差分析显示,治疗后T-AI评分、S-AI评分组间主效应(F=199.80,F=187.70)、时间主效应(F=617.40,F=537.70)存在统计学意义(P均<0.001);T-AI评分交互效应存在统计学意义(F=2.426,P<0.05);S-AI评分交互效应无统计学意义(F=1.66,P>0.05)。结论:系统脱敏疗法对不同场合高处恐惧症均有疗效。

Objective：To investigate the effect of systematic desensitization therapy used in various occa-sions acrophobia. Method：One hundred and seventy-five patients meeting the specific phobia diagnostic standard of the international classification of diseases（10th edition）were divided into three groups：tall-build-ing acrophobia（n=95）,alpine acrophobia（n=30）and mixed phobia（n=50）. The three groups were trea-ted with systematic desensitization therapy. The state anxiety（ S-AI）and trait anxiety（ T-AI）were assessed u-sing state and anxiety inventory（ STAI）at the baseline and month 3. Resuits：Tall-building acrophobia group,alpine acrophobia group and mixed phobia group showed significantly decreased scores on T-AI （t=36. 48,t=20. 10,t=20. 36）and S-AI（t=32. 53,t=17. 53,t=20. 63）after the treatment（all P〈0.001）.Variance analysis results indicated that there were main group effect（F=199.80,F=187.70）and time effect（F=617. 40,F=537. 70）on T-AI scores and S-AI scores（all P〈0. 001）. Interaction effects did not occur on S-AI scores（F=1. 66,P〉0. 05）but on T-AI scores（F=2. 426,P〈0. 05）. Conciusion：The systematic desensitization therapy may be effective in the treatment of various occasion acrophobia.