综合性医院精神障碍患者谵妄状态的急诊处理（附68例分析）

Emergency treatment for delirium in patients with mental disorders in general hospital

目的探讨精神障碍患者急性谵妄状态的临床特点与处理方法，为临床治疗和预防提供依据。方法对2010年3月-2015年3月徐州医学院附属医院收治的68例出现谵妄状态的精神障碍患者进行回顾性研究。结果谵妄状态的出现与患者年龄、基础疾病、躯体状况等相关，临床主要表现为意识障碍、知觉障碍、情绪与行为障碍。年龄偏大、感染、电解质紊乱、严重躯体病等是精神科出现谵妄状态的常见原因。结论早期识别谵妄状态，积极有效治疗原发疾病，大部分患者预后较好。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of the delirium condition in patients with mental disorders, and provide evidences for the treatment and prevention of the disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on a total of 68 patients with mental disorders who exerted delirium condition in their pathogenetic process while they were hospitalized in our hospital between March 2010 and March 2015. Results The frequency of delirium seizure was correlated with ages, underlying diseases and physical condition of the patients. And the clinical features of delirium condition were disturbance of consciousness, perception, emotion and behavior. Old-aging, infection, electrolyte imbalance and severe physical diseases were realized as common causes of delirium seizure in neurology and psychiatric ward. Conclusion The dehrium condition may be early identified, and an early effective treatment can carry out an expectable prognosis.