公安机关捕后变更强制措施的程序正当性思辨

Speculation on the Procedural Legitimacy in the Changes of Compulsory Measures after Arresting

新刑事诉讼法对逮捕的条件做出了细化的规定,批捕权既是检察机关的一项程序性权力,也是检察权制衡侦查权的一种法定方式。在刑事司法实践中,公安机关在检察院批捕后随意变更(本文中的"变更"均包括"撤销")强制措施的情况屡有发生,且在变更逮捕过程中存在不合法、不规范的情况。具体表现为变更逮捕措施随意、变更逮捕时违反法定通知程序等。鉴于此,有必要将公安机关变更逮捕措施纳入程序正当化的视野进行审视,增设公安机关变更逮捕措施的报批程序,赋予公安机关复议、复核权,同时应探索建立"通知被害人"制度,保障被害人在变更逮捕措施程序中的参与权。

The new criminal procedural law has stipulated about the conditions of the arrest in details, the pow- er of approval of arrest is not only one of the procedural powers of procuratorate, but also one of the legal ways for procuratorial power counterweighing to investigation power. In the criminal judicial practice, it is often happened that the police organs change （＂ change＂ in this text includes revocation） the compulsory measures arbitrarily after arresting, and there is legitimate, nonstandard situation during the course of changing arresting measures. It is of- ten performed that the arrest measures are changed arbitrarily or the noting procedures are violated illegally and so on. So it is necessary to put police＇ s changing of arresting measures into our view, add approval procedure, and give the police rights of reconsideration and reviewing. At the same time, the system of noting victim shall be set to protect the participating right of victim during the course of changing arresting measures.