北斗系统的海外发展与“丝绸之路经济带”建设

BDS' International Cooperation and the Construction of Silk Road Economic Belt

建设"丝绸之路经济带"的战略构想为中国北斗卫星导航系统的海外发展提供了难得机遇,北斗系统的一些特征和属性也决定了它能够为"丝绸之路经济带"建设提供重要支持。尽管建设"丝绸之路经济带"将会为北斗系统走向海外带来重要的发展机遇,但它仍将面临一系列来自外部因素和内部因素的制约。从现在起到2020年前后,将是北斗系统面向海外发展的关键时期。这是因为一旦完成全球组网工作,北斗系统势必会需要更为庞大的国际客户群来分担并消化其运营成本,届时还将面临更为激烈的外部技术压力和国际市场竞争。如果说此前北斗系统的发展主要依赖于技术研发和持续的政策扶持的话,那么今后北斗系统的发展将会更多地依赖技术更新和海外发展的"双轮驱动"。如何加强不同层面的战略研究,并以此为基础进行全球性战略统筹和海外战略布局,将会成为事关北斗系统未来发展的重要议题。

The construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt will bring a great opportunity for the transnational development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System （BDS） , but there will also be certain internal and external limitations and potential constraints. The next five years will be a critical period for BDS＇ development abroad. On one hand, according to its ＂three steps strategy＂, BDS will complete a global navigation satellites network by the year of 2020. It will need more international clients and larger market to share its cost burden; on the other hand, most of the other international navigation satellite systems, such as GPS, GLONASS and Galileo system, will finish their upgrading or global network construction by 2020, which means more intense competition in the global satellite navigation market. In the previous years, most of the efforts for BDS＇ development were focused on technology research and development, while the international cooperation and strategic layout were seriously neglected. In this sense, how to strengthen the BDS＇ international cooperation strategy and the related studies should be a new priority on the agenda of BDS＇ future development.