美俄对北斗卫星导航系统发展的态度透视——基于两国主流印刷媒体报道的分析

US and Russia's Attitudes toward Beidou Navigation System:Analysis of Media Coverage on Beidou Issue

伴随北斗卫星导航系统的第17颗卫星顺利升空并平稳进入预定轨道运行,北斗卫星的服务范围将自亚太扩展到全球,并有望在2020年覆盖全球。北斗向海外提供卫星导航服务的过程亦是中国在卫星导航高科技领域寻求国际话语权的过程。目前,国际卫星导航系统"一超多强"的局面似乎是当前国际格局在太空领域的折射。具有先发优势的美国GPS面临俄罗斯GLONASS、中国北斗和欧盟伽利略(GALILEO)的挑战,而日本的准天顶卫星(QZSS)和印度的IRNSS大有奋起直追的态势。既有卫星导航系统拥有国——美国和俄罗斯——对北斗卫星的褒奖或诋毁不仅会影响到北斗卫星的国际声誉,且在一定程度上折射出中、美、俄三国未来在卫星导航领域竞争与合作的基本态势。为此,研究以Nexis和Factiva多语种数据库收集到的相关文本为研究依据,用话语分析和内容分析相结合的方式透视美国和俄罗斯对北斗国际化的态度。

With the successful launch into orbit of the 17th Satellite of Beidou Navigation System,Beidou will extend its service from Asia-Pacific region to the world in 2020. That Beidou offers navigation service abroad is a process to win international recognition and reputation. The contemporary international navigation system presents ＂one superpower, multi-powers＂ complexion, which seems to be the real refringence of geopolitics. American GPS as forerunner is facing the challenge of GLONASS, Beidou and Galileo. In addition, QZSS from Japan and IRNSS from India have also being developed step by step. American and Russian attitudes toward Beidou, positive or negative, will not only influence Beidou＇s reputation, but manifest the basic trend of trilateral competition or cooperation in future. Based on US and Russian printed media＇s coverage on Beidou and employed discourse analysis and content analysis methods, the thesis will explore US and Russia＇s oerception on Beidou.