中国经济结构的演化特征及优化——基于DEA评价模型的实证分析

Characteristics and Optimization of Economic Structure in China

在中国经济"结构性减速"背景下如何调好结构提升经济增长质量是学界的热点研究话题。改革开放以来,经济结构变化巨大:需求动力以出口和投资为主、消费成长乏力,要素分配倾向于资本所得、人际分配格局恶化,第一产业占比下降、服务业发展相对滞后。基于DEA评价模型对需求结构、分配结构和产业结构的协调关系进行论述。研究结果表明,需求结构、分配结构和产业结构间存在互动支撑关系,且近年来,它们相互支撑的状态协调度都近乎有效。发挥财税的收入分配效应、构建消费成长长效机制和大力发展现代服务业等是中国经济结构优化的重要内容。

Under the background of the economic ＂structural reduction＂, how to improve the economic structure and the quali- ty of economic growth is a hot research topic in the academic circles. Since the reform and opening-up policy, economic structure has changed greatly, exports and investment are the most important demand, consumption growth is slow, distribution is in favor of capital income, interpersonal distribution is deteriorated, the ratio of primary industry has decreased, the devel- opment of service industry is relatively backward. The research results show that there are interactive support relations among the demand structure, the distribution structure and the industrial structure, their state harmony degree is almost effective in recent years. Exerting the income distribution effect of finance and taxation, constructing long mechanism for consumption growth and develop modern service industry energetically are the important contents of China＇s economic structure optimization.