“研究修辞”视角下的批评话语分析

A Critique of Critical Discourse Analysis from the Perspective of “Rhetoric of Inquiry”

"研究修辞"认为,知识生产和学术也是修辞和话语实践,因而必然受制于历史情境因素,充满说服和权力运作。从"研究修辞"的视角,将批评话语分析作为一种特殊的话语形态,即关于语言、话语及社会的学术话语或修辞实践,以批评话语分析所倡导的批评精神对其进行修辞分析和学术反思,解析其作为一种学术研究范式成功崛起的话语运作机制。研究揭示,批评话语分析不仅与修辞有着共同的理论旨趣,其学术话语实践也充盈着修辞运作,其在学术上的成功是运用符合学术场域话语逻辑的修辞发明策略的结果,因而也体现了修辞转向。这也证明了修辞与论辩在学术创造、知识生产和思想传播中的合法性和不可或缺性。

＂ Rhetoric of inquiry＂ maintains that knowledge production and academic practice are themselves rhetorical and discursive practices hence necessarily bound by historical and contingent factors and saturated with persuasion and power. Like this, critical discourse analysis can itself be taken as both a discourse and a rhetorical practice, and thus it can be critically anatomized from the perspective of ＂rhetoric of inquiry＂ to uncover the modus operandi of its successful rise as a research paradigm. It is revealed that critical discourse analysis embodies the rhetorical turn in which it is also committed to the theoretical interests upheld by rhetorical studies and its academic success is the result of rhetorical inventions fully sanctioned by the logic of the academia. This further demonstrates the indispensability and legitimacy of rhetoric and argumentation in academic creation, knowledge production and the dissemination of ideas.