龚自珍社会改革思想刍议

On Gong Zizhen's Ideas on Social Reform

龚自珍是我国由中世纪向近代社会转折时期一位承前启后、继往开来的杰出思想家。作为封建末世清醒的大思想家,龚自珍意识到中国社会正处于"日之将夕,悲风骤至"的危机前夜。他目睹这危机前夜整个社会所呈现出的政治腐败、经济衰退、内外交困、思想沉寂的局面,心急如焚,满怀忧国忧民之情,以治国平天下为己任,针砭时弊,提出了一系列治国安邦的社会改革思想。具体说来,其社会改革思想主要有:改变选人方法,注重经世致用;反对论资排辈,用人不拘一格;主张以礼待臣,尊重大臣人格;陆防海防并重,抵御一切外侮。

Gong Zizhen was one of Chinese remarkable thinkers during the transition period from the middle ages to the modem society. He afftrmed old traditions and made new beginnings. Gong Zizhen was clear-minded then, and was aware that China at that time was in great danger of political and financial crisis. Troubled by the crisis and worried about the current situation, including political corruption, economic recession, and being cornered by difficulties at home and aboard, he put forward some ideas on social reform, aiming at ruling the country and bringing peace for people, specifically, his ideas on social reform are as follow： First, change the method of selecting talents and pay more attention to pragmatism; secondly, oppose arrangement based on seniority and qualifications; thirdly, treat courters and officials with courtesy and respect them; lastly, enhance national defense and resist foreign aggressions.