国家治理需要社会系统工程方法

State Governance Needs Social Systems Engineering Methodology

国家治理是国家学说的新发展,从"国家统治"向"国家治理"转变,不仅是国家学说上思想观念的变革,而且是思想方法的变革。在思想方法上国家治理的核心思想是系统治理、依法治理、源头治理、综合施策,为此必须用社会系统工程方法。社会系统工程方法是民主的。它对各阶层、各方面的群众进行调查,取得大量信息。然后通过人–机结合、人–网结合和以人为主的方法,加工整理成有科学依据的方案,供领导参考,再回到群众实践中考验。从群众中来、到群众中去,体现了民主。社会系统工程方法是科学的。它应用知识工程及信息技术来实现马克思主义认识论"实践—认识",循环往复以至无穷的方法,它体现了辩证思维,是社会科学认识方法论上的一次巨大进展。

State governance is the new development in state theory. It signifies a shift from “nation ruling” to “nation governing”, which is not only a transformation of the concepts of state theory, but also a change on the methodology. The core concepts of the methodology of state governance include systematic governance, govern-ance according to the law, governance from the source, and comprehensive governance, etc., which call for the application of social systems engineering methodology. The social systems engineering methodology is democ-ratic in that it obtains massive information through conducting surveys on people from all social strata and sectors. The information is processed in a way that combines manpower and computers as well as manpower and the net-works while relying mainly on men to form into scientifically based plans for the reference of decision-makers before being tested in mass practice. They come from the masses and go back into them, which is in accordance to the principle of democracy. Moreover, the social systems engineering methodology is scientific. It utilizes knowl-edge engineering and information technology to materialize the Marxist epistemological method of “summarizing knowledge from practice” before “applying knowledge into practice” and carrying on the cycle infinitely. It re-veals dialectical thinking and is a huge advancement in social science epistemological methodology.