四种洗消剂对盐酸危险化学品洗消效能评价研究

A Study on the Efficiency Evaluation about Four Types of Decontamination Agent used for Hydrochloric Acid

选用自来水、生理盐水、3%碳酸氢钠溶液、敌腐特灵等四种洗消剂,考察其对盐酸危险化学品的洗消效果。通过系统研究溶液p H和洗消剂用量、洗消时间的关系,得出洗消效果由优到劣依次为3%碳酸氢钠、敌腐特灵、自来水和生理盐水。通过对盐酸危险化学品的洗消动力学研究,发现洗消过程均由快速洗消和缓慢洗消两部分构成。从洗消效果,皮肤自身性质,洗消剂的p H值、渗透压、安全性等方面综合分析,敌腐特灵洗消剂是皮肤洗消的最优选择。

The decontamination effects of tap water,saline,3% sodium bicarbonate solution and Diphoterine on different concentration of hydrochloric acid were studied in this paper. Through experiments on the relationship between p H value of hydrochloric acid and the time on dosage of decontamination,the effect of 3% sodium bicarbonate solution was remarked first,followed by Diphoterine,tap water and saline. The study on the dynamics of decontamination about hydrochloric acid indicates that the decontamination process is composed of a rapid and a slow part. Considering the efficiency of decontamination,the property of skin and other parts about usage safety,Diphoterine is the best choice of skin decontamination.