体制转轨期煤炭资源型城市居民职住迁移路径及影响因素——基于安徽省淮南市(1998—2013)的实证研究

Residents' Jobs-Residential Locations Migration Paths and Influential Factors of Coal Resource-Based City in the Period of Institutional Transition——A Case Study of Huainan City(1998-2013) in Anhui Province

基于个体行为与城市空间互动的视角,以煤炭资源型城市为研究对象,分析体制转轨期城市居民职住迁移路径的时空特征及影响因素,总结不同社会属性居民与城市空间的相互选择方式,以期把握城市社会空间的重构规律,为城市社会与空间结构转型提供决策依据。研究结果表明:1三个阶段淮南市居民迁居路径分别表现为组团内部交互式迁移、临近组团跳跃式迁移和目的地组团集中跨越式迁移,居民转职路径表现为复杂网络化与多点指向化、集中化与趋业化以及趋利化与非矿化;2伴随着体制转轨程度的深化,三个阶段居民职住迁移路径表现为居住矿业乡镇化—就业下岗去矿化、居住乡镇城镇化—就业矿业商业化以及居住城区新城化—就业行政商业化;3分别基于次数和导向划分了居民职住迁移路径并分析影响因素,发现不同社会属性特征的居民对居住空间及职业类型的选择具有显著的差异性和互补性。

Based on the perspective of interaction between individual behavior and urban space, take a coal resource- based city as research object, analyzing residents＇ jobs-residential locations migration paths＇ spatial and temporal characteristics and influential factors in the period of institutional transition, summarizing the selection methods between residents with different attribute and urban space, attempting to hold restructuring rules of urban social space and prompt transformation of society and spatial structure in such cities. Results indicate that：①Residents＇ relocation paths in three stages respectively present the characters of group- internal interactive, group- approach jumping and group- destination across and centralized, residents＇ job transition paths present the characters of complex network and multi-point oriented, centralized and career-oriented and mineralization and interest-oriented;②With the deepen of institutional transition＇ s degree, residents＇ jobs-residential locations migration paths show from mining, rural town residence and laid-off, non- mining occupation to rural town, urban residence and mining, commerce occupation to urban, new city zone residence and administration, commerce occupation. ③Dividing jobs-residential locations paths based on frequency and orientation, then analyzing influential factors, results show that residents with different social attribute has distinctive and complementary selection patterns of residential space and occupation types.