机械制冷/回路热管一体式机房空调系统研究

Performance Analysis on Integrated System of Mechanical Refrigeration and Thermosyphon

降低数据中心冷却系统能耗,已成为节能减排的迫切要求。热管自然冷却是降低这一能耗的有效方法之一。为解决热管自然冷却在炎热季节需要机械制冷辅助的问题,进一步提升热管自然冷却的节能潜力,本文提出一种新型机械制冷/回路热管一体式机房空调系统。利用三介质换热器将机械制冷回路和回路热管耦合起来,实现了二者的同时或单独工作,避免了现有系统依赖电磁阀切换带来的可靠性隐患。利用焓差实验台对系统性能进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,系统最佳充液率为100%左右。三个工作模式均具备良好的制冷能力,热管模式EER值在20℃温差下达20.8。以济南地区的数据中心为例进行了全年能耗计算,计算结果表明这一新型系统与传统空调系统相比节能40%,有着良好的应用前景。

Cutting down the energy consumption of air conditioners in data centers is an urgent need for realizing emission control targets. Thermosyphon （ heat pipe） free cooling is one of the effective methods. To solve the need of mechanical refrigeration in hot seasons and improve the energy-saving rate of thermosyphon free cooling, a new type integrated system of mechanical refrigeration and thermosyphon is proposed. A three-fluid heat exchanger is used to connect the mechanical refrigeration loop and thermosyphon loop, achieving the simulta- neous work of refrigeration and thermosyphon and avoiding the risk brought by solenoid valve. The performance of the system is tested in an enthalpy difference lab. The results show that the best filling ratio is 100%. The three working modes all have sufficient cooling capac- ity. The EER of thermosyphon mode reaches 20.8 when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is 20 ℃. The simulation results of a data center in Jinan show that the new system saves 40% energy of a year compared to traditional ones and have great application poten- tial.