蒙古白丽蘑蘑菇圈土壤真菌多样性

The Diversity of Soil Fungi on Leucocalocybe mongolicum fairy Ring

通过2011—2012年间在呼伦贝尔市陈巴尔虎旗境内3个蒙古白丽蘑蘑菇圈样地的调查、采集和实验室研究,共分离得到蘑菇圈内、外可培养土壤真菌26属,其中圈上分离得到19属,圈外分离得到24属,圈上、圈外共有属17属。形态和分子鉴定确认特异性地存在于蘑菇圈上的土壤真菌有印度毛壳Chaetomium indicum Corda、花序棘壳孢Pyrenochaeta inflorescentiae Crous,Marinc.＆M.J.Wingf两种。7月1日到9月18日期间,蘑菇圈圈上与圈外土壤真菌数量变化趋势大体一致,但8月11日圈上的数量明显多于圈外。种类数目除了圈外在7月24日变化较大外,其余圈上和圈外均相对平稳。蘑菇圈外土壤真菌数量和种类随着土层加深呈减少趋势,但深度为7~14 cm的土层圈上土壤真菌数量大量增加,圈外的种类丰富于圈上。分析认为蘑菇圈抑制土壤真菌的种类,但对一些特定种类的生长有利,同时圆形闭合且活跃的蘑菇圈在一定程度上抑制土壤真菌的发生。

Field research was done on 3 fairy rings of Leucocalocybe mongolicum in Hulun Beir grassland of Chenbarhu county in Inner Mongolia during 2011-2012. The soil fungi of 26 genera, which contains 19 genera on the fairy ring, were obtained, there are 24 genera outside the fairy ring, and 17 shared genera. Specific soil fungi on the fairy ring are Chaetomium indicum Corda and Pyrenochaeta inflorescentiae Crous et al. The quantity of soil fungi outside of the fairy ring changes the same trend as that on the fairy ring between July lth - September 18th. There are more soil fungi outside of the fairy ring than on the faily ring in llth August. The number of species outside the fairy ring changes the trend of steady except 24th July. The deeper stratum outside the fairy ring contain less amount and species of soil fungi. 7-14 cm stratum possesses more soil fungi on the fairy ring. There are more species outside the fairy ring than on the fairy ring. The fairy ring has less the number of soil fungi genera. The active fairy ring has a Certain inhibitory ability on soil fungi.