司法体制改革背景下刑事审判合议庭运行机制问题研究

On the Operation Mechanism of Collegiate Panel for Criminal Trial under the Reform of Judicial System

合议庭是我国刑事审判的基本组织形式,与独任制相比,合议制能最大限度地克服法官个人认识能力的缺陷,抑制个人主观偏见,在案件审理和裁判中发挥民主决策的优势。然而长久以来我国刑事审判中的合议制运行效果并不理想,合议庭对案件的审理权和裁判权在很大程度上受到抑制。造成上述状况的原因是多方面的。在当前司法改革体制改革的大背景下,理顺合议庭、审判长、院庭长之间的职权分工和责任承担,建立专业化的监督、指导机制,细化合议庭运行规则,完善绩效考评机制是促使合议制在刑事审判中发挥实质作用的主要途径。

Collegiate panel is a basic organization form of China＇s criminal trials. Compared with the system of sole judge proceedings,it has advantages in overcoming the judge＇s individual cognitive weakness,suppressing subjective views,and enhancing democratic decision-making. Nevertheless,for a long time the operation of collegiate panel has rarely been satisfying,and thus its effects on trial and verdict powers have been limited. It is argued that there are many causes for the situation. Under the reform of judicial system reform the clear division of work and responsibilities for collegiate panel,trial head and court head is important,professional supervision and guide mechanisms should be established,regulations for the operation of collegiate panel should be detailed,and the performance assessment mechanism should be improved,so that collegiate panel can play a substantial role in criminal trials.