栀子生长环境土壤与灌溉水中重金属研究

Heavy Metals in Soil and Irrigation Water in Growth Environment of Fructus Gardeniae

目的探讨栀子植物叶子、土壤和灌溉水中重金属含量的测定方法及巴中栀子移植泸州的可能性。方法将采集到的样品先经30℃低温干燥,再研碎并过100目筛收集,经实验室预处理后的样品溶液测定栀子叶、土壤及灌溉水中Pb,Cd,Cu 3种重金属的含量。结果灌溉水中,Pb含量除重庆市江津区慈云镇及湖北省孝感市孝南区西河镇刘岗村超标外,其余地区均未超标;Cu含量均超标,达2~3倍;Cd均未检出。栀子叶中,Pb≥5 mg/kg,超标1.6~3.2倍;Cd含量均小于0.3 mg/kg,Cu含量均在5.8~9.3 mg/kg,符合标准。栀子生长环境的土壤中,Pb,Cd,Cu含量分别在29.7~55.7 mg/kg,0.065 1~0.384 mg/kg,14.7~41.4 mg/kg,符合标准。结论除灌溉水中重金属Cu含量、重庆市江津区慈云镇与湖北省孝感市孝南区西河镇刘岗村灌溉水中和各地栀子叶中的重金属Pb超标外,其余样品重金属Cu,Pb,Cd含量均在国家标准范围内。巴中与泸州重金属含量分析比较显示,巴中产栀子异地引种栽至泸州具有可行性。

Objective To investigage the heavy metal content determination method in the plant leaves,soil and irrigation water in the growth environment of Fructus Gardeniae and the possibility of Fructus Gardeniae transplantation from Bazhong to Luzhou. Method The collected samples were performed the cryodrying at 30 ℃,then were grinded and collected by using 100 mesh sieve. The sample solu-tion pretreated by the experimental laboratory was detected the contents of heavy metals Pb,Cd and Cu in the leaves of Fructus Gar-deniae,soil and irrigation water by the graphite furnace atomicspectrophotometry. Results In the irrigation water,except the content of Pb was exceeded the standard at Ciyun town of Jiangjin district of Chongqing city and Liugang village of Xiaonan district of Xiaogan city of Hubei province,which in the rest areas had no exceeding standard;the content of Cu was exceeded the standard,reaching up to 2-3 times;the content of Cd was not detected out. In the leaves of Fructus Gardeniae,the content of Pb ≥ 5 mg/kg,exceeding the standard by 1. 6-3. 2 times;the content of Cd was less than 0. 3 mg/kg and the content of Cu was between 5. 8-9. 3 mg/kg,con-forming to standards. In the soil of growth environment,the contents of Pb,Cd and Cu were 29. 7-55. 7 mg/kg,0. 065 1-0. 384 mg/kg and 14. 7-41. 4 mg/kg respectively,which were conformed to the standards. Conclusion Except for the Cu content in the irrigation water,the Pb content in the irrigation water at Ciyun town of Jiangjin district of Chongqing city and Liugang village of Xiaonan district of Xiaogan city of Hubei province and the leaves of Fructus Gardeniae in various areas are exceeded the standards,the Cu,Pb and Cd contents in the rest samples are within the national standard ranges. The comparison and analysis of the heavy metals contents data in Bazhong and Luzhou indicate that the introduction cultivation of Fructus Gardeniae from Bazhong to Luzhou has feasibility.