蛋鸡养殖规模效率及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the layer breeding scale efficiency and its influencing factors

针对近年来我国蛋鸡养殖规模化进程不断加快的发展现状,为推动适度规模养殖提供实证参考依据,对河南、山东等8个蛋鸡主产省养殖场(户)进行问卷调查,采用DEA-Tobit两步法对我国蛋鸡养殖的规模效率进行测算评价,并对影响规模效率的因素进行实证分析。结果表明:我国蛋鸡养殖整体综合效率及规模效率还存在进一步提升的空间;3 000只以下的养殖户存在明显的规模效率偏低的状况,需要扩大养殖规模;在现有的生产技术条件下,5万只左右的专业化养殖规模是规模效率和劳动生产率较高的最优规模。

According to the accelerating development of large scale laying hens in recent years, this study is aiming to provide empirical reference to promote large-scale breeding. In this article, the DEA-Tobit method is used for evaluating the layer breeding scale efficiency based on the questionnaire survey to farms in eight specific provinces such as Henan,Shandong, etc. Meanwhile, the empirical analysis is made on factors that influence the scale efficiency. According to the Analysis, there is further room for improvement to comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency of layer breeding in China. The farms under the scale of 3 000 layers are obviously under the condition of the low efficiency so that expanding the scale of farming is needed. Furthermore, under the condition of the existing production technology,only about 50 000 specialized farming scale is the optimal size of better scale efficiency and higher Labor productivity. At present, it is necessary to further accelerate the construction of laying hens standardized scale farms in China.