巢湖野生及养殖翘嘴红鲌肌肉营养成分分析

Analysis of nutritive components of wild and cultivated Erythroculter ilishaeformis muscle in Chaohu

对巢湖野生翘嘴红鲌和养殖翘嘴红鲌肌肉的营养成分(水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸)进行分析并对其营养价值进行评价。结果表明,野生翘嘴红鲌肌肉中的水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量分别为82.06%、1.30%、17.55%和0.58%,而养殖翘嘴红鲌上述含量分别为76.87%、1.27%、18.96%和3.21%。野生和养殖翘嘴红鲌肌肉蛋白质中共检测出氨基酸17种,分别占新鲜肌肉样品质量分数18.41%和18.18%;必需氨基酸(EAA)分别占42.53%和41.97%;鲜味氨基酸(DAA)分别占氨基酸总量的49.38%和46.97%;必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸之比(EAA/NEAA)分别为79.65%和84.50%;必需氨基酸指数(essential amino acid index,EAAI)按WHO/FAO模式计算分别为136.99和120.67,按全鸡蛋蛋白模式计算分别为100.03和88.12,其氨基酸组成比例符合FAO/WHO标准。野生和养殖翘嘴红鲌肌肉氨基酸评分(amino acid score,AAS)均大于0.95,化学评分(chemical sore,CS)皆大于0.65。野生和养殖翘嘴红鲌肌肉中含有丰富的矿物元素,其中K、Zn、Mg、Fe含量高于养殖品种,但Ca和Cu含量则低于后者。

Nutrients components （water, ash, protein, fat and amino acid） of wild and cultivated Erythroculter ilishaeformis muscle were analyzed and their nutrient value was evaluated. The results showed that the contents of water, ash, protein and fat in muscle of wild species were 82. 06% , 1. 30% , 17. 55% and 0. 58% respectively. Those of the cultivated species were 76. 87% , 1. 27% , 18. 96% and 3. 21% respectively. Seventeen kinds of amino acids were detected from wild and cultural species muscle, which mass fraction accounts for 18. 41% and 18. 18% respectively of the fresh muscle sample.ΣEAA/ ΣAA ratio were 42. 53% and 41. 97% . while theΣDAA/ ΣAA ratio were 49. 38% and 46. 97% . And theΣEAA/ ΣNEAA ratio were 79. 65% and 84. 50% , respectively . Essential amino acid indexes （EAAI） of the wild and cultivated Ergthroculter ilishaeformis were 136. 99 and 120. 67 according to WHO/ FAO mode, and they turned to be 100. 03 and 88. 12 according to the mode of full egg protein. The amino acids composition ratio was accorded with the standard of FAO/ WHO. Amino acid score （AAS） and chemical score （CS） of wild and cultivated species were above 0. 95 and 0. 65, respectively. Minerals were abundant in both wild and cultivated Erythroculter ilishaeformis. The K ＋ , Zn2 ＋ , Mg2 ＋ and Fe2 ＋ contents of the muscle of the wild species were higher than those of the cultivated ones, but the Ca2 ＋ and Cu2 ＋ contents were lower than the later.