青海省农牧业分界线形成的历史考察

The Historical Study of the Formation of Boundary Between Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Qing Hai Province

位于青海湖东侧的日月山(古称赤岭)是青海省内的一条重要农牧业分界线。这条分界线的形成一方面基于日月山东西迥然相异的地理环境基础,另一方面不同历史阶段的政治、军事背景以及不同民族的经济文化传统,在青海省农牧业分界线形成的历史过程中发挥着更为重要的作用。唐代以前,日月山以东的河湟地区虽然已有农业开发,但那种开发是零星的、局部的。唐与吐蕃以赤岭为界长期对峙,这里的屯田区域与规模急遽扩大,成为今青海界内最重要的基本农业区。从唐代开始,以赤岭为界,青海东部农业区与西部牧业区的界限既已基本形成,并一直保留至今。

The Riyue Mountain （named Chiling mountain in ancient times） located in the east of Qing Hal lake is an important agricultural and animal husbandry boundary in Qing Hai. On the one hand, the formation of this boundary is based on the difference of geographical conditions between east and west of Riyue mountain ; on the other hand, the political and military background in different his- torical stages and the economic and cultural tradition of different nations play important parts in the historical process of the formation of boundary between agriculture and animal husbandry in Qing Hai Province. Before Tang dynasty, river Huang area in the east of Riyue Mountain had developed agri- culture, but that development was not complete. The Tang dynasty and Tibetan empire located in the two sides of Chiling mountain, these two regimes were hostile to each other for a long time, the area and scale of the reclaimed-field was dramatically expanded and became the most important basic agricultural region of Qing Hai Province. Since Tang dynasty, the agricultural area in the east and the animal husbandry area in the west were divided by Chiling mountain, this boundary had been formed basically and had been existed until today.