椰子可可间作下种植密度对作物产量及经济效益的影响

Effect of Planting Density on Economic Benefits and Yield of Intercropping Systems of Cocoa and Coconut

研究椰子可可间作条件下,不同种植密度可可对椰子和可可产量及经济效益的影响。试验共设7个处理:在椰园间作不同密度的可可2.0 m×2.0 m(A)、3.0 m×2.0 m(B)和3.0 m×3.0 m(C),以单作椰子6.0 m×6.0 m(CN)和单作可可2.0 m×2.0 m(CA)、3.0 m×2.0 m(CB)和3.0 m×3.0 m(CC)为对照。结果表明:间作不同密度的可可均显著提高椰子叶片全氮、全磷和全钾等养分含量;间作园土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾等养分含量均显著高于单作椰园;间作可可使椰子产量显著提高,间作可可产量高于单作可可,但差异不显著;处理C的产投比和土地当量比较高。在海南椰园,采用3.0 m×3.0 m的密度间种可可有利于经济效益提高,并起到节本增效的作用。

The effects of planting density on economic benefits and yield of crops in cocoa （Theobroma cacao L.） and coconut intercropping systems were examined. The experiment comprised seven treatments, three intereropping treatments consisting of cocoa spaced as 2.0 m×2.0 m （A）, 3.0 m×2.0 m （B） and 3.0 m×3.0 m （C）, sole coconut 6.0 m×6.0 m （CN） and sole cocoa （2.0 m×2.0 m CA, 3.0 m×2.0 m CB and 3.0 m×3.0 m CC）. The main results obtained were listed as follows： Intereropping different densities of cocoa significantly improved total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents of coconut leaves. The soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents under intereropping were all significantly higher than monocuhure coconut garden. Intercropping cocoa obviously improved the coconut productions. The yields of intercropping cocoa were higher than monoculture ones, but not significantly. The ratios of input-output and land equivalent of treatment C were higher than A and B. Coconut intercropping cocoa by spaced as 3.0 m×3.0 m was conducive to increasing the economic benefits in Hainan. In other words, it could reduce cost and increase efficiency.