文化生态视域中的马关县侬智高遗址

On the Historical Site of Nong Zhigao in Maguan County from the Perspective of Cultural Ecology

八寨阿雅城遗址和大坟包是云南省马关县两处与侬智高有关的遗址,人们赋予两处遗址不同的解释。阿雅城遗址的主人龙海基被学者和地方精英说成是侬智高与狄青作战失败之后为逃难而化名生存的化身,龙海基也被当地不同民族认同为各自的祖先。大坟包遗址被认为其埋葬的是侬智高部队抗击交趾战死沙场的将士。侬智高遗址文化表现出模糊性与边缘性特征,其与马关县的文化生态环境有密切关联。马关县地处祖国西南边陲,县境山多路险,是侬智高战败后逃难的理想下落点。其边陲、山区的特点也为侬智高遗址相关传说文化的边缘性与模糊性找到了缘由。

The A-ya wall site of Bazai and Big Grave Mound in Maguan County of Yunan province are the two historical sites related with Nong Zhigao, and are given different interpretations. The A-ya site＇s owner, Long Hai-ji, is considered as the incarnation of Nong Zhigao after being defeated by Di Qing by scholars and local elites, and he is also regarded as the ancestor by different local ethnic groups. However, Big Grave Mound site is the grave of the Nong Zhigao＇s troops who sacrificed in fighting against Vietnam. The cultural relics of Nong Zhigao have a feature of vagueness and marginality, which is closely related with the cultural ecological environment in Maguan County. Maguan County is located in the southwest of China and it is the perfect place for Nong Zhigao to take refugee after being defeated in the war because there are multiple mountains and rugged paths in the county. These features are also the reasons for the cultural marginality and vagueness of Nong Zhigao site.