世界巨型城市：增长、挑战和再认识

Megacities in the World: Growth, Challenges and Appreciation

本文首先分析世界巨型城市(1 000万人口规模以上城市)的发展,特别是以巨型城市所在的国家作为参照系。数据分析显示,巨型城市的增长比所在国家主要城市(75万人口规模以上)的增长更为突出,从而使主要城市(包括巨型城市)呈现发散的增长趋势。然后,本文概括并重新审视巨型城市面临的城市问题和挑战,指出这些问题和挑战(包括交通拥堵、住房、环境污染、供水等)都难以阻挡其增长的趋势。最后,本文概述了世界上成功应对巨型城市问题和挑战的案例。

This paper first examines the growth patterns of megacities in the world, particularly with reference to the major cities. Data analysis reveals that the growth of megacities is the most outstanding among major cities in the countries with megacities. Then the paper summarizes issues and challenges that megacities face such as congestion, pollution, water supply, and informal settlement. It is concluded that none of those issues and challenges can slow down the massive inflows of rural migrants into megacities. The development of Tokyo metro shows that those issues and challenges are not insurmountable.