沈祖芬翻译的阐释学研究——以《绝岛漂流记》为例

A Hermeneutics-based Research on Shen Zufen's Translation: A Case Study on "The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe"

沈祖芬翻译的《绝岛漂流记》是鲁滨逊冒险故事最早的中译本。沈译本是两万多字的缩译本,不仅仅是简单的删减,还有添增和修改。在晚清语境下,中国传统文化背景的读者的期待深刻地影响翻译的选择。沈祖芬带着晚清中国知识分子认为救亡危难需以西方为楷模的先在结构,调和中国读者对英雄的期待视野,将鲁滨逊从原著的虔诚的对上帝顺服的清教徒、冷漠的个人主义者、殖民主义者塑造为勇敢无畏者、重孝爱亲者、仁义友爱者。

＂The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe＂, a novel about Robinson＇s adventures, was firstly translated into Chinese by Shen Zufen whose translation is a condensed version containing over twenty thousand characters, but besides omission, there are also amplification and revision. In the context of the late Qing Dynasty, the expectation of readers with traditional Chinese cultural background exerted profound influence on the selection of translators. With the pre-existent idea of Chinese intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty that saving the nation from extinction should regard the Occident as the model, Shen Zufen mediated Chinese readers＇ expectation for heroes, transforming Robinson from a devout and obedient puri- tan, an indifferent individualist and colonialist to a courageous, filial, righteous and friendly people.