浅谈买地券里的丧葬礼俗、信仰和土地买卖——以馆藏买地券为例

A Brief Discussion on Funeral Customs, Faiths and Land Sales in Certificates for the Tomb: A Case Study on Certificates for the Tomb Collected in the Museum

买地券是中国古代以地契形式置于墓中的一种迷信物品,是由买地契约演变而来,源于西汉,盛于东汉,是反映古时丧葬礼俗、信仰、土地私有制发展和土地买卖情况的随葬明器,它出土地域广泛,沿用年代长久,具有较高的文物价值和史料价值。现以我馆馆藏买地券为例,浅谈一下买地券所折射出的古代本土丧葬礼俗、信仰、土地买卖的情况。

Certificates for the tomb are a kind of superstitious ob-ject placed in the tomb as a title deed in ancient China, evolving from title deeds for the land, originating from the Western Han Dynasty and flourishing in the Eastern Han Dynasty. They are funerary objects reflecting the development of ancient funeral customs, faiths and private ownership of land as well as the situa-tion of land sales. They are unearthed widely in different regions and were used for a long period of time, so they have a high cul-tural value and historical value. Exemplified by the certificates for the tomb collected in the museum the writer works for, this paper briefly discusses the situation of ancient local funeral customs, faiths and land sales reflected by certificates for the tomb.