美、澳、新原住民高等教育资助比较研究

A Comparative Study of Subsidies for Higher Education of Aboriginals in America,Australia and New Zealand

美国、澳大利亚、新西兰历来非常重视原住民高等教育,这三个国家以原住民教育或高等教育的相关法律为依据,形成了涵盖对原住民族学生个人的资助和对原住民高等学校资助的政策。在原住民族学生资助上:澳大利亚采用原住民专项计划,新西兰通过全国性助学金和贷款,美国则采用全国性助学金和贷款及一系列原住民专项支持计划相结合的方式。在对原住民高等学校资助上:美国每年依据学生数量划拨教育经费,澳大利亚是以原住民资助金的方式提供经费,新西兰则是以三年为周期对毛利人学院进行重点拨款。在三国政府财政支持下,原住民高等教育取得了不错的成效。

America, Australia and New Zealand have always attached importance to higher Education for aboriginals and the three countries have made subsidy policies for aboriginal students and their universities based on relevant laws for aboriginal education and higher education. In subsiding aboriginal students, Australia makes a special plan, New Zealand uses national subsidies and loans and America combines the two ways. In subsiding higher learning institutions of aboriginals, America allocates education expenditure every year, Australia provides funds in the form of subsidies for aboriginals, and New Zealand allocates special funds for Maori school every three years. Under the financial support of the government, achievements have been made in higher education for aboriginals in the three countries.