生产效率导向下中国农机装备制造业发展地区评价与路径选择

Regional Evaluation and Innovation Development Path of China's Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Based on Enhancing Agricultural Productivity

利用DEA方法和BCC模型,基于31个省份2004—2013年面板数据的实证分析发现,整体上中国农业生产的投入产出效率状况并不理想,导致综合效率非DEA有效的主要原因是规模效率无效。一些地区一味提高农业机械总动力投入非但不能促进农业增产增收,反而可能会起到相反的效果。有20个省份可以减少农业机械动力投入数量从而进一步改善农业生产效率。空间分布上,农业和农村经济相对落后的中西部地区,其农机装备制造业发展及其投入不合理状况更加普遍。因地制宜地制定并选择符合区域实际的农机装备制造业创新发展路径,是各地区下一阶段工作更为紧迫的现实选择。

With Data Envelopment Analysis method and BCC model along with panel data of 31 Provinces from 2004--2013, this paper finds that the whole efficiency of agricultural production input-output in China is not ideal. The main reason for comprehensive efficiency of non DEA effectiveness is the invalid scale efficiency. In practice, some provinces＇ increasing blindly agricultural ma- chinery total power indexes can not promote agricultural production to increase, it will have the opposite effect. Even twenty provinces can keep the agricultural output unchanged with reducing the amount of agricultural mechanical power input. As far as the spatial dis- tribution of agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing is concerned, its development and input is more unreasonable in China＇s middle and western regions where the agriculture and rural economy is relatively backward. Thus, adjusting agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing innovation development path according to the practice of different provinces, is a realistic choice of the next stage.