高阻燃涤纶/芳砜纶交织面料的制备及性能研究

Manufacturing and property of high flame retardant PET/PSA interweave fabric

为了制备高阻燃交通工具内饰面料,以阻燃涤纶为经纱,阻燃涤纶/芳砜纶为纬纱进行交织;研究芳砜纶含量对面料阻燃和力学性能的影响,并确定涤纶、芳砜纶最佳配比为1∶1。为了进一步提高面料的阻燃性能,采用非离子水性聚氨酯乳液、聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、氢氧化镁等为原料,按一定比例复配成阻燃涂层胶,并对上述最佳配比的阻燃涤纶/芳砜纶交织面料进行阻燃涂层整理;研究涂层面料的阻燃和力学性能,并观察面料的燃烧过程。结果表明,芳砜纶提高了面料的阻燃性能,但却降低了面料的力学性能,极限氧指数LOI最大值达27。阻燃涂层胶进一步提高了面料的阻燃性能,极限氧指数LOI最大值接近29.5,燃烧时无烟、熔滴微量。最佳阻燃工艺:经纱采用阻燃涤纶,纬纱采用芳砜纶,阻燃涂层胶用量为160g/m2,涂层轧车压力0.3MPa、浸渍时间0.5h,预烘温度100℃、时间4min,焙烘温度170℃、时间3min。

In order to manufacturing high flame retardant vehicle upholstery fabrics,flame-retardant polyester（PET）was chosen as warp yarns and PET/PSA（Polysulfonamide）as weft ones.Influence of PSA content on fabrics＇ flame retardation and mechanical properties was studied,and optimum ratio of PET PSA was confirmed for 1∶1.In order to further improve fabrics＇ flame retardation,nonionic waterborne polyurethane,ammonium polyphosphate（APP）,melamine,magnesium hydrate and so on were used as original materials,which were compounded to flame retarding coating glues according to a ratio and was coated onto the fabrics.Flame retarding and mechanical properties of coating fabrics were studied and burning process was observed too.The results showed that PSA improved the flame retarding properties of fabrics,while reduced mechanical properties.What＇s more,the maximum value of limit oxygen index（LOI）was 27.Flame retarding coating glue further improved fabrics＇ flame retarding properties,and the maximum value of LOI reached nearly to29.5,and there was no smoking and microscale molten drop during burning.The optimum flame retarding processing was that PET fibers was used as warp,PSA fibers as weft,dosage of flame retarding coating glue was 160g/m2,pressure of coating padder was 0.3 MPa,dipping time was 0.5h,pre-drying temperature was 100℃,pre-drying time was 4min,baking temperature was 170℃,and baking time was 3min.