《公司法》第151条的漏洞及其填补

Loopholes and Remedy of Article 151 of Chinese Company Law

现行《公司法》规定股东代表诉讼的第151条是2005年《公司法》修正时引入的。由于第151条并非我国司法的本土经验,如何正确实施,才能符合我国股东代表诉讼的基本法理和立法目的,便成为了讨论的问题。第151条存在两个法律漏洞,第2款对公司在诉讼中的地位应规定而未规定,第3款规定的"他人"未作限制性规定。采用比较法方法和类推适用方法,利用既有法律体系内的制度和规则,认可股东代表诉讼中公司仍为原告,而股东则取代法定代表人的地位,确立为诉讼上法定的代表人,以填补第151条第2款之漏洞。对于第151条第3款中的"他人",应探求股东代表诉讼规范的立法目的,采取目的性限缩的方法,将与公司无控制关系的"他人"排除在外,以贯彻第151条的立法目的。

Shareholders’ derivative action was introduced into Article 151 of Chinese Company Law in2005. How to carry out Article 151 correctly for the purpose of legislation and legal principle of Shareholders’ derivative action is a debated problem because this form of action is not based on our experience. There are two loopholes： one is that Article 151（ 2） did not stipulate the status of corporation in derivative action and the other is that Article 151（ 3） did not define ‘the others’. The loophole in Article 151（ 2） can be made up with the ways of comparative law and deduction,where corporation is regarded as a plaintiff and shareholders become legal representatives of corporation in derivative action. Article 151（ 3） can be improved with the way of purpose limitation through exploring the legislative intention of derivative action,where ‘the others’ should be limited to the persons who have controlled the corporation.