考虑产品绿色度的绿色供应链博弈模型及收益共享契约

Green Supply Chain Game Models and Revenue Sharing Contract with Product Green Degree

本文以一个制造商和一个零售商组成的二级绿色供应链为背景,建立了考虑产品绿色度的四种绿色供应链博弈模型:以制造商为主导的Stackelberg博弈模型、以零售商为主导的Stackelberg博弈模型、制造商和零售商的Nash均衡博弈模型以及集中控制模型。对四种博弈模型在产品绿色度、产品价格以及批发价格等方面进行了比较分析,并进一步建立了收益共享契约下的博弈模型。通过数值仿真探讨了收益共享系数对产品绿色度、制造商利润和零售商利润的影响。

The living standards and environment requirements of consumers are greatly improved as the rapid development of the global economy. And the transformation of economic development mode is driven by consumers demands, so the green supply chain mode considering resource consumption and environmen- tal impact is adopted, which based on the traditional supply chain. In this context, how to work with the retailers downstream supply chain, how to determine the wholesale price w and product green degree g for manufacturers; How to respond to the needs of consumers and manufacturers, to determine the optimal product prices p for retailers ~ As well as how to establish coordination mechanism between the two to coor- dinate their interests, all these are the problems to be solved. Based on the above issues, the Stackelberg game and Nash Equilibrium game theories are used to es- tablish game models in this paper,and the Revenue Sharing Contract theory is used for coordinating green supply chain members. Firstly, four game models are established based on manufacturer and retailer,and their optimal decision variables are determined. Furtherly, Four game models are conducted a comparative analysis in terms of product green degree, product price and wholesale price. On this basis, further consid- eration of using revenue sharing contract is taken to coordinate manufacturers and retailers. Finally, a nu- merical simulation is given in order to validate the models. It is shown that the product green degree is the highest in case of centralized control mode, while it is the lowest in case of stackelberg game led by manufacturer. In management practice, in order to promote consumers to buy a higher degree of green products, manufacturers and retailers can implement revenue sharing, and the revenue sharing coefficient range should be （0.40,0. 48） for the best. The data used in numerical simulation, is primarily collected through surveys of green industries, manufacturing compa- nies, retail companies and consumers , as well as reference to the relevant literatures. The game behaviors and coordination strategies of the green supply chain inside members are discussed in this paper, and it promotes the research about green supply chain from the outside supply chain to inside. In addition,a pre- liminary green supply chain coordination model from the perspective of quantitative research is provided is this paper.