不同灌水处理对烤烟生长发育的影响研究

Effects of Different Irrigation Treatments on Tobacco Growth

烤烟是一种对水分比较敏感的作物,水分过多或不足均会影响烤烟的生长发育及产质量的形成。通过试验研究了不同灌水处理对烤烟生长发育的影响,探讨适宜的土壤水分调控技术。结果表明,常规灌水处理烤烟的经济性状最佳,产量、产值明显增加。土壤常规灌水、大水漫灌、微灌的处理,与土壤不灌水处理相比,烟叶产量分别提高3.57%,1.79%,1.37%,产值分别提高6.98%,3.24%,1.7%;烤烟在常规灌水时,烟叶的产值、产量最大,每公顷增加产值2 964.6元,每公顷增加产量74.25 kg。同时,常规灌水时作物的蒸腾作用、光合作用促使烟叶物质的分解代谢与合成代谢正常进行,烟叶的各化学成分协调一致,有利于烤烟各项生理活动进行,从而获得良好的生产效益。

Flue-cured tobacco is relatively sensitive to water. Excessive or insufficient moisture will affect the formation of growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. This experiment is to study effects of different irrigation treatments on the growth and devel- opment of flue-cured tobacco, explore appropriate soil moisture regulation technology. The results showed that with regular irrigation, tobacco optimal economic traits yield, and output increased significantly. Compared with the soil without irrigation treatments, by con- ventional soil irrigation, flood irrigation and micro-irrigation treatment, tobacco production increased by 3.57%, 1.79% and 1.37%, and the output value by 6.98%, 3.24% and 1.7% respectively. When the flue-cured tobacco is grown with the conventional irrigation, tobacco output and value reach the highest, with an increasing value of 2 964.6 yuan. hm-2, and an increasing yield of 74.25 kg. hm-2. Meanwhile, crop transpiration and photosynthesis under conventional irrigation condition promote catabolism and anabolism to develop in a normal way. The chemical composition of tobacco coordinated, flue-cured tobacco has a good influence on physiological activities, and obtain a good production efficiency.