随机波下大圆筒防波堤整体防浪掩护试验研究

Experimental study on wave dissipation of large-diameter cylinder breakwater under random wave

防波堤的稳定性和消波特性是直接反映防波堤工程质量和使用功能的重要指标。通过港池模型试验,研究委内瑞拉卡贝略集装箱码头大圆筒防波堤在百年一遇随机波作用下断面稳定性、波压力、越浪量等的分布规律。试验表明,圆筒迎浪面所受波浪压力最大,且随着入水深度的增加呈递减分布;防浪墙在其23处波压力最大,此时迎浪面为防波堤波压力最大处;在防浪墙与圆筒交界处,由于半圆形防浪墙在两侧漫水的作用,最大波压力出现在两侧;防浪墙顶有越浪现象发生;堤后波高主要由越浪水体及筒间透射的波浪引起,而在堤后150 m处波浪已趋于稳定;圆筒间距对筒壁上的波压力影响不大,而对防浪墙的波压力影响较明显。

The stability and wave dissipation characteristics of breakwater reflect the important indicator of project quality and the function of the breakwater directly. The study of section stability, wave pressure and overtopping of Venezuela Puerto Cabello container terminal large-diameter cylinder breakwater under the effect of hundred years of random waves is based on the three-dimensional model test in wave basin. The test shows that the pressure on the forward direction of the cylinder is the highest; with the increase of water depth, the wave pressure shows a decreasing distribution; the maximum wave pressure of the wave wall appears in two-thirds of its height, and at this point, the wave pressure on the trim surface of the breakwater wave is the highest; at the junction of the parapet and the cylinder, because of the effect of overflow on both sides of the semi-circular parapet, the maximum wave pressure appears at both sides; and there is an overtopping phenomenon at the top of the parapet. The main causes of the wave height behind the breakwater are overtopping water and the wave which transmits through the cylinder. The wave trends stable after 150 m of the breakwater; the distance between the cylinders has little effect on the wave pressure on the cylinders wall, while the effect on the wave pressure on the parapet is much more obvious.