官样陶瓷及其款识

Official Ceramic Samples and Styles

官样陶瓷是依据陶瓷官样制造的陶瓷器。所谓陶瓷官样就是陶瓷官方样制,亦即陶瓷的地方标准或国家标准。我国陶瓷官样制度由来已久,是我国古代开始实施的实物税制度下的产物。陶瓷的文字标志"官"字款识,是晚唐、五代、北宋早期陶瓷官样制度下税瓷的专用标志。"柴"、"大周"、"尚食局"款识,是五代后周朝御用瓷器的标志,是我国陶瓷史上的创新之作。到了明清两代,"大明成化年制"、"大清雍正年制"等年号款,已成为官样陶瓷的主流标志。

Official ceramics is made according to government standards and its samples are taken as styles for ceramic products to be made. Chinese official ceramic system has long history back to in-kind tax in ancient China. Ceramics marked with Guan was made in late Tang Dynasty, marked with Wudai, Early Beisong; Chai, Dazhou, Shangshiju were made in Houzhou, which was creatively made in ceramic records. While in Ming and Qing Dynasty, Damingchenghuanianzhi, Daqingyongzhengnianzhi were the main official marks in official ceramics.