高层建筑之地下空间权利冲突探析——兼论对结建地下空间开发的规制与激励

On the Confl ict of Rights in the Underground Space of High-rise Buildings: Regulation and Stimulation to Combined Underground Space Exploitation

研究目的:探讨高层建筑之地下空间权利冲突的形成原因及其解决,探索结建地下空间开发的规制方式和激励手段。研究方法:文献分析法、规范分析法。研究结果:(1)高层建筑的地下基础与地上建筑占据的是一体空间,理应整体估值、整体出让;(2)虽需整体出让,政府有权也应该在土地出让之时即明确地下空间开发的规划要求,列之为出让合同条件;(3)同时政府应制定针对结建地下空间开发的鼓励政策。研究结论:目前众多地方立法中所主张的地下空间权不能成立,国家层面立法应当有所改变,以规制并激励结建地下空间的开发。

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the cause and solution for the conflict of rights in the underground space of high-rise buildings, and explore the measures to regulate and stimulate the underground space exploitation. Methods used include literature and legal text analysis. The results are as follows： 1） the underground space and above-ground buildings for high-rise buildings occupy an organic whole space, which should be valued and transferred as a whole commodity; 2） Even so, The government have rights and duties to definite the project of underground space exploitation, incorporating which into the land-transferring contract; 3） In the meantime, the government should formulate encouragement policies to the combined underground space exploitation. In conclusion, the underground space rights, which are maintained in the local legislation at present cannot be set up, and the relevant national legislation should be changed to regulate and stimulate the combined underground space exploitation.