老年慢性病患者对长期照护志愿者的需求及影响因素分析

Demands for volunteer services in long-term care among geriatric patients with chronic diseases

目的探讨老年慢性痛患者对长期照护志愿者的需求及影响因素,为长期照护人力资源模式构建提供参考。方法按照家庭、养老机构、医院抽取老年慢性病患者516例,采用老年慢性病患者对长期照护志愿者及服务内客的选择意愿问卷、日常生活与自我照顾能力量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查。结果 516例老年慢性病患者愿意接受志愿者服务的比例为73.4%,排在前3位的志愿者服务内容是关怀访视、交通接送服务和休闲娱乐活动。患慢性病数量、婚姻状况、文化程度和社会支持是影响老年慢性病患者选择志愿者服务意愿的因素(P<0.05)。结论患多种慢性病、无配偶、文化程度高、社会支持低的老年慢性病患者更愿意接受志愿者服务,志愿者提供服务的重点是关怀访视、交通接送服务和休闲娱乐活动。建议倡导志愿服务理念,给予政策上的支持和监管。培育老年慢性病患者长期照护志愿者服务人才队伍,对老年慢性病患者长期照护志愿者进行专业化培养。

Objective To assess geriatric patients＇ demands for volunteer services in long-term care and to ex- plore the factors affecting their demands. Methods A total of 516 geriatric patients from nursing homes,hospitals and households were included in this quantitative study. A questionnaire containing the demographic questions,the Activities of Daily Living Scale,the Social Support Rating Scale and volunteer services demand survey was adopted as research instrument. Results Among the patients ,73.4% of them expressed their demands for volunteer services. The top three most desired support services were regular home visit,assisting with transportation and recreational activities. Geriatric patients＇ disease condition,marriage,educational background and social support status were signifi- cantly related to their demands. Conclusion A wide range of volunteer services in long-term care are required by geriatric patients with chronic diseases. Their demands may be met through building public policy,implementing formal volunteering and providing particular volunteer trainings.