贵州烤烟漂浮育苗连栋塑料大棚环境评价分析

Environment Evaluation and Analysis of Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse for Tobacco Floating Seedlings in Guizhou

为合理调控烤烟漂浮育苗塑料大棚内环境因子和配置立体育苗人工补光方案，以烤烟幼苗不同生长时期的环境条件需求为基础，对贵州遵义地区典型配置塑料连栋大棚室内外温湿光环境及立体育苗架上不同层间的光环境进行实地测试。结果表明，棚内晴天最高温度可达25℃，阴天为15.3℃，相对湿度40%~90%，光照强度50~5000μmol/（m^2· s）；立体育苗架第1~4层光照强度5~90μmol/（m2· s），第5~6层40~350μmol/（m^2· s）。塑料连栋温室内温湿环境适宜，光照充足，适宜烤烟幼苗的生长。但当采用6层立体育苗架育苗时，育苗架的第5、6层自然光照环境足够满足烤烟幼苗的光照需求，第1~4层中间区域均达不到烤烟幼苗生长的光照环境需求，需要进行人工补光。该试验研究为提出更为合理的环境调控措施和人工补光配置方案提供理论依据。

To control the environment factors and set artificial light scheme reasonably in multi-span plastic greenhouse used for tobacco seedling, based on the environment needed by flue-cured tobacco seedlings in different growth periods, the inside and outside environment factors and the light intensity change between seedling frame layers were tested and analyzed in Guizhou typical tobacco floating seedling plastic greenhouse. The result showed that the highest temperature could reach 25℃in sunny day, but in cloudy day, it was only 15.3℃, the relative humidity changed from 40%to 90%, and the light intensity range was 50 to 5000μmol/（m2·s）, which were fit for tobacco seedling growth. When using the three-dimensional seedling frame with 6 layers, the light intensity range of the first to the fourth layer was 5-90μmol/（m^2·s）, and light intensity of the fifth and the sixth layer reached 40-350μmol/（m^2·s）, which showed that the natural light on the top two layers was enough for seedling growth, but added artificial light was needed from the first to the fourth layer. This experiment can provide theoretical proof for reasonable environment adjustment and artificial light scheme.