深圳市退休老年人多维健康评价和危险因素研究

Strategy of glucocorticoid application for severe COPD sufferers complicated with diabetes

目的了解深圳市退休老年人的健康状况,探讨影响健康的危险因素。方法采用OARS多维健康量表中文版,对496名60岁以上退休老年人的日常生活能力、躯体健康、精神健康、经济状况和社会健康5个维度进行调查。结果综合健康状况优良、一般和较差的比例分别为58.06%、40.12%和1.81%。5项单维健康损害中,躯体健康损害的发生率最高。随着年龄和疾病数的增加,综合健康优良者的比例显著减少(P<0.01);吸烟和重视科学饮食对综合健康也有显著性影响(P<0.05);性别、配偶的有无和运动锻炼对综合健康无显著影响。结论影响老年人综合健康水平的因素是年龄、疾病数、吸烟和科学膳食。戒烟、科学膳食、慢性病防治有利于提高退休老年人的综合健康水平。

Objective To investigate multidimensional health status and related risk factors among the retired elderly in Shenzhen city.Methods 496 retired elderly people aged over 60 w ere randomly selected and surveyed by O lder American R esources and Services（O AR S ）M ultidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire Chinese version fromdimensions of activities of daily living ,physical health ,mental health ,economic status,and social health .Results Among all subjects,58 .06% had good general health status,40 .12% had average general health status and 1 .81% had bad general health status.Physical health had the highest occurrence rate in five one-dimensional parts of health cost. With the increase of age and more diseases,the rate of good general health status significantly decreased （P〈0 .01 ）;Smoking and healthy diet had significant effect on good general health status（P〈0.05）;G ender,marital status and ex-ercise training had no significant effect on general health status.Conclusion The factors that influence the general health status of aged people include age,diseas,smoking,and scientific diet. Smoking cessation,scientific diet,and chronic diseases prevention can help increase the general health status of retired aged people.