永磁同步风力发电机风能追踪控制仿真研究

Simulation of Wind Energy Tracking Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Turbine Generator

在风力发电系统的风能追踪控制优化,提高发电效率的研究中,由于能量转化的非线性,导致风能最大功率点无法实时准确跟踪。传统功率追踪采用叶尖速度比法和爬山法,能满足一些风况下的运行,但也存在着控制精度低以及变风速下系统参数调整导致风能利用系数的不稳定。为解决上述问题,引入内带负载的永磁同步发电机数学模型,设计了PID与反馈线性化复合控制器。复合控制器的PID参数采用粒子群寻优算法确定,能够有效跟踪电机转速从而达到对风能利用效率控制的精确性。仿真结果表明,复合控制器的控制策略对最大风能追踪具有有效性和实时性,且在变风速下风能利用系数仍然维持在较高值,为同步发电机风能优化控制设计提供参考。

In the wind energy tracking control optimization of wind power generation systems, the maximum power point of wind cannot be accurately tracked in real time because of the nonlinearity of energy conversion. Traditional power point tracking methods, which use the tip speed ratio and hill climbing search methods, result in low control accuracy even lead to wind energy utilization coefficient instability in the parameters adjusting under variable wind speed environments. To solve the questions, we adopt a mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous gener- ator with a load and design a complex controller of PID with feedback linearization. The PID parameters of complex controller are determined by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Thus the controller can track the motor speed ef- fectively and achieve a high accuracy of the wind energy utilization efficiency control. Simulation results show that the maximum power point tracking has effectiveness and timeliness under the control strategy of the complex controller, and the wind energy utilization coefficient remains at a higher value in varying wind speed.