均匀圆阵天线中DOA估计算法的研究

DOA Estimation Algorithms in Uniform Circular Array Antenna

在均匀圆阵天线覆盖特性的研究中,使无线技术在空间通信、雷达探测等许多领域得到了广泛的应用。传统的均匀圆阵天线的波达方向估计(DOA)采用了波束扫描技术,需要大量的阵元才能获得较高分辨率。对于有限的阵列孔DOA估计来说,分辨率会受到瑞利限制。用多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法,由于充分利用了噪声子空间和信号子空间的正交性,构造了空间谱函数,可以通过谱峰值的搜索来达到DOA估计。在对传统的两种DOA估计算法及MUSIC算法进行分析比较的基础上,进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,与传统DOA算法相比,当存在多个信号源入射时,MUSIC算法有较高的分辨率,能很好的完成对均匀圆阵天线的DOA估计,仿真结果与理论分析相吻合。

Conventional DOA estimation method of the uniform conformal array antennas uses the technology of beam scanning. It needs a lot of array elements. To the finite conformal array DOA estimation, the resolution ratio will be affected by the Raylcigh limit. The MUSIC algorithm can fully utilize the orthogonality of noise subspace and signal subspace. Because the algorithm constructs the spatial spectrum function, it can achieve the DOA estimation through the spectrum peak search. Based on the uniform circular array antenna, the Bartlett beam -forming method, the CAPON minimum variance method and the MUSIC algorithm are analyzed and simulated. The simulation results show that the MUSIC algorithm has higher resolution relative to the two traditional algorithms.