杯形件半固态模锻充型过程模拟及实验验证

Simulation and experimental verification of the filling process of semi-solid die forging for cup shell

半固态模锻生产过程中,合金坯料的充型过程对制件的成形及性能有较大影响。应用DEFORM软件,对6061合金杯形件半固态模锻进行数值模拟,研究了半固态合金坯料温度、压头预热温度、压头速度对充型过程及速度场的影响。结果表明:半固态合金坯料温度为620℃、压头预热温度为200℃,压头下压速度为40 mm/s时,半固态合金坯料的充型过程是沿着整个型腔充填,以"全壁厚"的形态向前推进,充型过程平稳;半固态合金坯料温度为620℃,压头速度为20 mm/s时,随着压头预热温度的提高,半固态合金坯料的充型过程有所平稳;随着半固态合金坯料温度的提高,充型过程变得不平稳;充型过程中的速度场对半固态合金成型件的组织均匀性有较大影响。

The filling mold process of semi-solid alloy blank influences severely the forming and properties of finished piece. In this paper, DEFORM is applied to simulate the process of cup-type 6061 alloy die forging casting. The influences of the temperature of semi-solid alloy blank, preheating temperature, and downward press speed of pressure head on process of mold filling and velocity field are investigated. The results show that the mold filling of semi-solid alloy paste smoothly fills along the whole of mould cavity in ＂total wall thickness＂ form when the temperature of semi-solid alloy blank is 620 ℃, preheating temperature of pressure head is 200 ℃ and speed of pressure head is 40 mm/s. Along with the increase of the preheating temperature of pressure head, the filling process of the semi-solid alloy paste trends toward stable when the temperature of semi-solid alloy blank is 620 ℃ and the speed of pressure head is 20 mm/s. Along with the increasing of the temperature of semi-solid alloy, the process of mould filling becomes off balance and the liquid becomes turbulent flow. The velocity field in the process of mould filling affects severely the structure uniformity of the finished product.