磷铝耦合胁迫对玉米自交系苗期生长及矿质元素吸收的影响

Mineral Nutrition and Growth of Maize Seedling Under High Al and Low Phosphorus Interaction Stress

为明确磷铝耦合胁迫对不同玉米自交系苗期生长及矿质元素吸收的影响,了解玉米耐低磷与耐酸铝之间的相互关系,以不同来源的8个玉米自交系作为试验材料,采用土培方法,研究不同磷、铝条件下玉米苗期生物学性状以及吸收利用P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Al等元素的特性。结果表明,玉米在耐低磷和耐酸铝特性方面存在基因型差异,自交系99320和99180既耐低磷又耐酸铝,低磷及酸铝胁迫下,这2个自交系具有较高的相对干重,99239、99327耐低磷但不耐酸铝,99003耐酸铝但不耐低磷,99152对低磷、酸铝均敏感。低磷抑制玉米对P、K、Ca、Mg的吸收。酸铝胁迫使各自交系吸收Ca、Mg、P、K、Fe的量显著下降,但加磷可缓解酸铝毒害,使各自交系吸收P、K、Fe的量有所增加。酸铝胁迫下,玉米各自交系植株地上部铝累积量与耐酸铝能力无相关关系。

To determine mineral nutrition and seedling growth of different maize inbred lines under high aluminum （A1） and low phosphorus （P） interaction stress, and understand the relationship between the maize resistance to low P and high A1, a series of pots were used to study the characteristics of mineral elements of 8 maize inbred lines at seedling growth and uptaking of stage under different acid A1 and P treatments. The results demonstrated that P deficiency and acid stress severely hindered the growing of maize. There was different tolerance to low-P and acid stress among maize lines. Lines 99320 and 99180 showed tolerance to both low P and acid-aluminum stress. They had higher relative dry matter weight when grew under low P and acid- aluminum stress. Lines 99239 and 99327 showed tolerance to low P but were sensitive to acid-aluminum stress. Line 99003 was tolerant to acid-aluminum stress but sensitive to low P condition. Line 99152 was sensitive to both low P and acid-aluminum stress. The stress of acid-aluminum could cause P deficiency and higher P could alleviate the toxicities. The low P severely affected the absorbing of P, K, Ca, Mg. The stress of acid-aluminum significantly decreased the absorbing of Ca, Mg, P, K and Fe. The addition of P could alleviate the toxicities and result in higher uptake amount of P, K and Fe. We also found that there was no relationship between Al-accumulation of shoot and acid and aluminum tolerance in maize inbred lines.