中外海岛棉不同开花期棉子油分性状与物理性状研究

Oil Traits and Physical Traits of Cotton Seed of Chinese and Foreign Sea Island Cotton at Different Flowering Stages

为了筛选出高油含量的海岛棉品种及最优花期,以中国新疆、埃及、美国、中亚海岛棉20个品种8个开花期所结的棉子为试验材料,采用生物学统计法和索氏抽提法,分析其物理性状以及油分性状的变化特征及其间的关系。海岛棉的种子油分指数和种仁油分指数存在明显的遗传变异性,变异系数均为12.86%;XH-36、XH-41、DJC-3、DJC-4、DJC-5、A-Za的棉子油分性状指标显著高于其他品种,且这6个品种在7月5日的油分性状最优,其次是6月30日和7月20日。该试验初步筛选出6个高油性状的优质海岛棉品种,同时相关性分析表明棉子的物理性状和油分性状间相互作用,共同影响棉子品质,且棉子油分性状受其物理性状调控。

In order to select sea island cotton varieties of high oil content and the most optimal flowering stage, the change characteristics of physical traits and oil traits as well as the relationship between them were analyzed by taking cotton seed of 20 sea island cotton varieties of Xinjiang of China, Egypt, America and Central Asia at 8 flowering stages as test materials by using biological statistics and Soxhlet extraction method. Seed oil index and kernel oil index of sea island cotton had significant genetic variability, and their variable coefficients were 12.86%. Cotton seed oil traits of XH-36, XH-41, DJC-3, DJC-4, DJC-5 and A-Za were significantly higher than that of other varieties, and the optimal oil traits of these six varieties was on July 5^th, followed by June 30^th and July 20^th. Therefore, six high quality varieties of sea island cotton were screened out initially through the test. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that there was interaction between physical traits and oil traits of cotton seed, which could affect cotton seed quality jointly, and cotton seed oil traits were regulated by its physical traits.