激光显微切割技术在植物生物学研究中的应用

Research Progress of Laser Microdissection Technique for Plant

植物组织的发生、分化和生理响应是复杂多因素调控的结果,要在分子水平认识其机理,就必须分析相应细胞的代谢物和基因表达情况,该步骤的前提是精确地获得这些细胞。应用激光显微切割技术(Laser Microdissection,LMD)可以在显微镜下快速准确地分离、获取单一的细胞类群,甚至单个细胞,成功地解决了组织中细胞的异质性问题。文章归纳了LMD技术的一般操作流程,对比分析了不同操作步骤的优缺点,对其在植物分子生物学、蛋白质组学、代谢物组学研究中的应用情况作了综述,指出存在问题并展望未来。

Genesis, differentiation and physiological responses are the results of complex multi-factor regulation in plant tissue. To understand its mechanism at the molecular level, we need to analyze the metabolite and gene expression of related ceils with a prerequisite of obtaining these cells precisely. Laser microdissection （LMD） ensures that pure targeted cell subgroups or even a single cell can be rapidly and accurately captured under a microscope, which solves the problem of cell heterogeneity in tissue successfully. This review summarized the general operation process of LMD technology, compared the merits and demerits of various working approaches. Furthermore, this article generalized the application effects of LMD in researches of plant molecular biology, proteomics, metabolomics, pointed out certain existing issues and the future application prospect.