小白菜抗黄曲条跳甲种质资源的抗虫性鉴定

Insect Resistance Identification of Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Germplasm Resources to Phyllotreta striolata(Fabricius)

为了研究小白菜对黄曲条跳甲的抗虫性鉴定方法,采用田间自然鉴定法,参照小菜蛾危害分级标准,比较了黄曲条跳甲成虫为害48个品种小白菜的叶面积损失百分率。结果表明,现行的小菜蛾危害分级标准不适用于黄曲条跳甲成虫;进一步分析发现48个品种小白菜叶片的叶面积损失百分率与其叶片孔洞数显著正相关(r=0.354),表明计数叶片受害孔洞数可以用来鉴定小白菜对黄曲条跳甲成虫的抗虫性。为了创新小白菜对黄曲条跳甲的抗虫性种质资源,采用"叶片受害孔洞计数法"筛选了100个品种小白菜对黄曲条跳甲成虫的抗虫性,得到了5个相对抗虫品种(‘新矮青-9’、‘新夏春3号’、‘918’、‘泰国种子-2’、‘夏冠’)和5个相对感虫品种(‘楚青325-6’、‘青优’、‘鸡毛菜’、‘12#耐抽苔青梗×668-1’、‘富士’),5个相对抗虫品种孔洞数间均无差异,但均极显著低于5个相对感虫品种,这些材料为小白菜抗虫育种奠定了基础。

In order to study insect resistance identification method of Chinese cabbage to Phyllotreta striolata（Fabricius）,based on hazard classification standard of diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella（L.）,thedefoliation percentage of 48 Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis（L.） Makino] varietiesinfected by the adults of P.striolata were estimated by natural evaluation method in the field.The resultsshowed that the current hazard classification standard of diamondback moth was not applicable to adults of P.striolata.Further analysis demonstrated that the defoliation percentage of 48 Chinese cabbage varieties hadsignificant positive correlation with the hole number（r = 0.354）.These results suggested that quantity statisticsof injured holes in cabbage leaves could be used to identify insect resistance of P.striolata.Moreover,in orderto cultivate Chinese cabbage and its germplasm resources with insect resistance,100 varieties of Chinesecabbage were used for identification of insect resistance to P.striolata.Five kinds of cabbage（‘Xin＇aiqing-9＇,‘Xinxiachun No.3＇,‘918＇,‘Thailand seed-2＇,‘Xiaguan＇） showed obvious resistance and another five kindsof cabbage（‘Chuqing 325-6＇,‘Qingyou＇,‘Jimaocai＇,‘12#bolting resistance Qinggeng × 668-1＇,‘Fuji＇）were relatively susceptible.No significant difference was found among five resistant cabbage varieties on thenumbers of leave holes,which were significantly lower than that of the five relatively susceptible varieties.These materials would be useful in future anti-insect breeding of Chinese cabbage.